The modern cars of todays are powered by gasoline fuel. The power is harness from the explosion of hi pressure air-fuel mixture and gives out the energy to the wheel via so many engine parts.
The gasoline contains many chemical but it is primarily made up of hydrocarbons, which are made up of hydrogen atoms chemically bonded with carbon atoms. There are many hydrocarbon combinations in gasoline which depends upon the ratio of carbon to hydrogen.
Combustion
There will be no combustion if these hydrocarbons are not mixed with air which contains 21% of oxygen, 78% of nitrogen and some amount of other gases.
The hydrocarbons in fuel react with oxygen in the air forming carbon dioxide and water vapour, also creating the heat and pressure to power the engine.
The air-fuel ratio plays an important role and it affects the efficiency of the engine as well.
Ideal air-fuel mixture is called stoichiometric air-fuel ratio where the hydrocarbons react with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapour giving optimal efficiency for the engine.
If the air-fuel ratio is richer than stoichiometry then the fuel economy and emission get badly affected, and if the air-fuel mixture is leaner stoichiometry the power and driveability get affected. If the air supplied is more then there will be excess oxygen in the product and if air supplied is less then due to imperfect combustion carbon monoxide is formed affecting the emission.
All the phenomenas said above take place inside the engine via four strokes namely intake, compression, power, exhaust.
Harnessing the chemistry of these hydrocarbons, the fate of mankind has changed beyond the wildest imagination.
M.Raamjee
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